Fight against COVID with T cell Immunity.
The coronavirus pandemic makes everyone aware of their own health, there are many research papers published to show how you can improve your immunity system so that you can create a strong immunity against coronavirus.
According to biology, the human body has a strong immunity to the system that fights against any outsider to defend our life and our wealth?
How our immunity works what are the parts of immunity and how complicated works our body has to do to protect us against outsiders.
Parts of the immunity system
The immunity system is a defense system of the body that helps to identify pathogens viruses and other toxic cells and then kill them with killer T cells let's understand the parts of our immunity system
There are two main components of our immunity system
Innate immunity system and adaptive immune system
Components of the immune system
|
Innate
immune system |
|
Adaptive
immune system |
|
Response is non-specific |
|
Pathogen and
antigen-specific response |
|
Composed of leukocytes |
|
Composed of antigens, B cells,
T cells |
|
Exposure leads to immediate maximal response |
|
The lag time
between exposure and maximal response |
|
Cell-medicated and humeral components |
|
Cell-mediated and humeral
components |
|
No immunological memory |
|
Exposure
leads to immunological memory |
|
Found in nearly all forms of life |
|
Found only in jawed
vertebrates |
These both are the main components of our defense system and work to identify self and non-self molecules.
T Cells
T cells build up with subcells and work as killer cells that kill damaged, infected cells, or dysfunctional cells. T cells work with B cells and they have the ability to identify antigens and can activate auto to kill damaged cells. When T cells find any virus-affected cells they release cytotoxins and filled the plasma membrane into damaged cells, and finally, kill the damaged cells. In medical language, it is called CD8.
T cell further divides into helper cells, without helper cells t cell is unable to manage all the activities. This T-cell helper is just like a volunteer they don’t have the power to kill damaged cells but they can inform about damaged cells to take further action.
Further, this T cell helper divide sub-parts which are known as Gamma Delta T cells.
Further T cells work with B cells and jointly they control our defense system to replicate any pathogens to produce their offspring which live life long in a body to identify any pathogens and react strongly if they find them in the future. This is an adaptive system and can be a form of either passive short-term memory or active long-term memory.
A new research show some proof that can help you to understand your immunity system and its working procedures, According to a paper published in the cell, infection or natural exposure to the novel coronavirus may prevent recurrent episodes of severe COVID-19. This happens as once infected with SARS-COV-2, the immune system evokes robust, broad, and highly functional memory T cell responses.
According to the study, the SARS-COV-2 specific t cells are found even in the family members of people who have been exposed to the virus and have tested negative on the antibody blood test. These cells were also seen in convalescent individuals who have a history of asymptomatic cove infection.
All the categories of people who have recovered from moderate to severe COVID 19 infection, in the convalescent phase after mild or severe disease or exposed to family members, exhibited, robust memory T cell responses months after infection, even in the absence of detectable circulating antibodies specific for SARS-COV-2. Claims the study.
The scientists were able to detect the similar memory T cell response directed against the internal and surface proteins of the virus in people in whom the SARS-COV2 specific antibodies could not be detected.
This means that seroprevalence as an indicator may underestimate the extent of immunity in the population, say, scientists.
The dissociation of antibodies (its absence) and a robust T cell response is noteworthy. It reinforces how much we miss by focusing on antibodies out of convenience since T cells response is only assessed in research labs, says Research Director and Founder, Scripps Research Translational Institute
Studies found that once infected, even the animals were fully protected from reinjection. To date, no case of reinfection has been found in the world, whether they recovered from mild or severe COVID infection or were completely asymptomatic.
Antibodies may not be detectable in people who have mild symptoms or were completely asymptomatic. At the same time, the SARS-COV-2 specific T cells were found in the humans that have been infected.
The study.
The team of researchers characterized different T cells in 206 people including people who have recovered from moderate or severe disease and convalescent individuals and healthy blood donors.
The study was small and had limited clinical follow-ups thus it cannot be completely claimed that robust memory T cell response can protect against severe COVID-19 infection. However, the 2002 SARS a MERS induced potent memory T cell response that persists even when antibody responses wane.
When the antibodies wane with time, the robust T cell memory formed after SARS-COV-2 infection, potent adaptive immunity is maintained, which provides protection against the severe re-infection with the virus.
Conclusions:
The human body is the most complex device ever known by scientists and further inventions are running to know new information about the human body and what can do.
This body is like your country as our country feels safe with their security forces, army, military, and other support systems they are always ready to defend against any hardships our body works the same.
The immunity system and building a strong system are not ordinary things some of us think that if we eat healthy food our immunity will increase but it is not true always.
The immunity system is a procedure of performance according to time periods of your body’s movements
Sleeping and rest can affect our immunity system if you are not taking proper rest it can decrease the production of antibodies which further shows a slow immune response in your body.
So wants to keep healthy then take proper rest to defeat your diseases and help your body army to produce a proper amount of antibody in your body.
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